ADAKAH RELEVAN PENAWARAN TAKAFUL MIKRO KEPADA WARGA EMAS BERSAMA JABATAN KEBAJIKAN MASYARAKAT (JKM)?
Is It Relevant to Offer Microtakaful to the Elderly in Cooperation with the Department of Social Welfare (JKM)?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/js.vol27no3.1Keywords:
senior citizens, Department of Social Welfare (JKM), microtakaful, perlindungan tenang, Central Bank of Malaysia (BNM)Abstract
Malaysia is expected to reach an aged population by 2030. Currently, micro takaful under the “Perlindungan Tenang†initiative, does not promote the participation of the elderly in line with the increasing life expectancy of the country. This is mainly due to the link between the high risk of age-related-illness. For the microtakaful offering segment, takaful operators should not expect immediate profit. Therefore, the study was conducted to look at collaboration opportunities between takaful operators and the Department of Social Welfare (JKM) by offering microtakaful to senior citizens in the country. Befittingly this collaboration has allowed for the government department, JKM, to provide direct service to senior citizens. Thus, field studies were conducted with JKM, takaful operators and the Central Bank of Malaysia (BNM). Interviews with JKM involved a group of senior citizens, and also members of the productive welfare and a sample of the community. Interviews with takaful operators included AIA Public Takaful in the Product Marketing Department, Prudential BSN Takaful under microtakaful and CSR Department and IKHLAS Takaful in the Bancatakaful Department. Interviews with BNM were conducted with the Islamic Banking and Takaful Department. The offering of microtakaful to senior citizens living in institutions under the JKM and senior citizens receiving financial assistance ie “Bantuan Orang Tua (BOT)†is made possible through funds from zakat, waqf and CSR in the form of non-commercial microtakaful. Whereas senior citizens living in the community can be offered commercial microtakaful through community cooperation, Elderly Care Centres, both from NGOs and privately registered centres have been cooperating with JKM to describe the value and importance of increasing understanding as well awareness of microtakaful. At the same time, microtakaful schemes need to make product design improvements to be relevant and appropriate for senior citizens, especially in terms of target schemes and supply channels.Downloads
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References
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Brijesh C. Purohit, ‘Policymaking for Diversity Among the Aged in India,’ Journal of Aging & Social Policy, vol. 15/4 (2003): 49-79.
Christian Biener & Martin Eling, ‘Insurability in Microinsurance Markets: An Analysis of Problem and Potential Solutions,’ The Geneva on Risk and Insurance, vol. 37 (2012): 77-107.
Christian Biener, Martin Eling & Joan T.Schmit, ‘Regulation in Microinsurance Markets: Principles, Practice and Directions for Future Development,’ World Development, vol. 58 (2014): 21-40.
Craig Churchill, ‘Insuring the Low-Income Market: Challenges and Solutions for Commercial Insurers,’ The Genera Papers on Risk and Insurance, no. 32 (2007): 401-412.
Craig Churchill, ‘Trying To Understand The Demand for Microinsurance,’ Journal of International Development, vol. 14 (2002): 381-387.
Daniel J. Clarke & Dermot Grenham, ‘Microinsurance and Natural Disasters: Challenges and Options,’ Environmental Science and Policy, vol. 27 (2013): S89-S98.
David M. Dror et al., ‘Implementing A Participatory Model of Micro Health Insurance among Rural Poor with Evidence from Nepal,’ The Geneva Paper, vol. 39 (2014): 280–303.
Farhana Hanim Mohd Mydin, ‘Warga emas di Malaysia meningkat 2.8 juta orang,’ KOSMO, http://ww1.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2016&dt=0324&pub=Kosmo&sec=Negara&pg=ne_02.htm, dicapai pada 7 Mei 2018.
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Haslifah Mohamad Hasim, ‘Developing a Conceptual Framework of Microtakaful as A Strategy towards Poverty Alleviation,’ Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, vol. 5/28 (2014): 1-9.
Institut Penyelidikan Penuaan Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Laporan Akhir Kajian Keberkesanan Bantuan Kewangan Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat (Putrajaya: Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, 2017).
Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarat (JKM), ‘Rumah Seri Kenangan (RSK),’ laman sesawang Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat (JKM), dicapai pada 13 Februari 2019.
Jacqueline Díaz Nieto et al., ‘Weather Indices for Designing Micro-Insurance Products for Small-Holder Farmers in the Tropics,’ Weather Indices for Micro-Insurance Product, vol. 7/6 (2012): 1-11.
James Midgley, ‘Social Protection and the Elderly in the Developing World: Mutual Aid, Micro-Insurance and the State,’ Journal of Comparative Social Welfare, vol. 28/2 (2012): 153-163.
Jamil Ramly et al., Buku Panduan Asas Takaful (Kuala Lumpur: IBFIM, 2010).
Joseph Oscar Aktey & Charles K.D. Adjasi, ‘Dose Microcredit Increase Household Welfare in the Absence of Microinsurance?’ World Development, vol. 77 (2016): 380–394.
Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM), ‘Warga Emas Terabai,’ laman sesawang Portal Myhealth, http://www.myhealth.gov.my/warga-emas-terabai/, dicapai pada 9 April 2019.
Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat, ‘Definisi Warga Emas,’ laman sesawang Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, http://www.jkm.gov.my/jkm/index.php?r=portal/left& id=VEpUUXV3THFURkZETmxWNjZpQ1BXdz09., dicapai pada 5 April 2019.
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Malaysia Takaful Association, ‘Perlindungan Tenang’ laman sesawang Malaysia Takaful Association, http://www.malaysiantakaful.com.my/Consumer-Zone/Perlindungan-Tenang.aspx., dicapai pada 5 April 2019.
Markus Loewe, ‘New Avenues to be Opened for Social Protection in the Arab World: The Case of Egypt,’ International Journal of Social Welfare, no. 13 (2004): 3-14.
Michal Matual et al., ‘Microinsurance Demand: Determinants and Strategies,’ Enterprise Development and Microfinance, vol. 24/4 (2013): 311-327.
Mohammad Saleh Torkestani & Pari Ahadi, ‘Readiness Assessment of Islamic Micro‐Finance Institution to Implement Micro‐Insurance Concept (Case of Iran),’ International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol. 1/3 (2008): 249-261.
Mohammed Ahmad Uddin, ‘Microinsurance in India: Insurance Literacy and Demand,’ Business and Economic Horizons, vol. 3/2 (2017): 182-191.
Mohd Rizal Muwazir, Kamaruzaman Noordin & Azian Madun, ‘A Preliminary Study of Social Responsibility of Islamic Insurance Companies in Malaysia,’ (Paper presented, International Conference on Art, Economics and Management (ICAEM’14), Dubai, 22-23 Mac 2014).
Mohd Uzir Mahidin, ‘Jadual Hayat Ringkas, Malaysia, 2015-2017,’ laman sesawang Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/pdfPrev&id=bkJYT 3pXcDZGbjdiK3pWU0ZmNktoQT09., dicapai pada 6 Mei 2018.
Nikunjkumar Gor, ‘Microtakaful-Islamic Insurance For Deprived: Innovation, Sustainability and Inclusive Growth,’ International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, vol. 3/2 (2013): 18-24.
Noor Ashikin Mohd Rom & Zuriah Abdul Rahman, ‘Financial Protection for the Poor in Malaysia: Role of Zakah and Micro-takaful,’ Journal of King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economic, vol. 25/1 (2012): 119-140.
Oscar Joseph Akotey, Kofi A. Osei & Albert Gemegah, ‘The Demand for Micro Insurance in Ghana,’ The Journal of Risk Finance, vol. 12/3 (2011): 182-194.
Portal Rasmi Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, ‘Pengenalan,’ laman sesawang Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, http://www.jkm.gov.my/jkm/index.php?r=portal/left&id=VEpUUXV3THFURkZET mxWNjZpQ1BXdz09, dicapai pada 5 April 2019.
Pradeep Panda, Arpita Chakrorty & David M.Dror, ‘Building Awareness to Health Insurance Among the Target Population of Community-based Health Insurance Scheme in Rural India,’ Tropical Medicine and International Health, vol. 20/8 (2015): 1093-1103.
Prudental BSN Takaful, ‘Lindungi,’ laman sesawang Prundental BSN Takaful, https://app.prubsn .com.my/online/project/pruBSN/docs/LI_Brochure_BM.pdf., dicapai pada 5 April 2019.
Rafiza Zuliani & Asmak Ab Rahman, ‘Micro-Takaful in Aceh: Does Society Need It?’ dalam New Developments in Islamic Economics, ed. Asmak Ab Rahman (United Kingdom: Emerald Publishing, 2019).
Ralf Radermacher & Johannes Brinkmann, ‘Insurans for the Poor? First Thought about Microinsurance Business Ethic,’ Journal of Business Ethic, vol. 103 (2011): 63-76.
Rebekah Yore & Joanna Faure Walker, ‘Microinsurance for Disaster Recovery: Business Venture or Humanitarian Intervention?: An Analysis of Potential Success and Failure Factors of Microinsurance Case Studies,’ International Journal Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 33 (2019): 16-32.
Said Adekunle Mikail, Muhammad Ali Jinnah Ahmad & Salami Saheed Adekunle, ‘Utilisation of Zakāh and Waqf Fund in Micro-takāful Models in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study,’ ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, vol. 9/1 (2017): 100-105.
Seiro Ito & Hisaki Kono, ‘Why is The Take-up of Microinsurance so Low? Envidence from A Health Insurance Scheme in India,’ The Developing Economies, vol. 48/1 (2010): 74-101.
Sheela Chandran, ‘Rancangan Simpanan Persaraan Menerusi Khidmat Nasihat KWSP,’ laman sesawang Mstar, http://www.mstar.com.my/lain-lain/suara/2016/12/30/kwsp-ras-perancangan-kewangan/., dicapai pada 8 Jan 2018.
Sheila Nu Nu Htay, Nur Shazwani Sadzali & Hanudin Amin, ‘An Analysis of the Viability of Micro Health Takaful in Malaysia,’ Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, vol. 4/1 (2015): 37-71.
Shuaibu Mukhtar, ‘Insuring the Uninsurable for Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria: What Micro-Insurance can do?,’ Mediterranean Journal of Social Science, vol. 4/2 (2013): 375-380.
Sirojudin & James Midgley, ‘Microinsurance and Social Protection: The Social Welfare Insurance Program for Informal Sector Workers in Indonesia’, Journal of Policy Practice, vol. 11/1-2 (2012): 121-136.
Sonia Akter et al., ‘Exploring The Feasibility of Private Micro Flood Insurance Provision in Bangladesh,’ Disasters, vol. 35/2 (2011): 287-307.
Tajudeen Olalekan Yusuf, ‘The Role of Islamic Micro Insurance in Economic Growth and Development: The Nigerian Experience: A Case Study of Al-Barakah Microfinance Bang, Lagos,’ International Journal of Business and Commerce, vol. 1/10 (2012): 106-122.
Vishal Pinto, ‘Role of NGOs in Promoting Micro Health Insurance: A Study with Reference to ‘Sampoorna Saraksha’ Health Insurance Scheme by SKDRDP, Mangalore (India),’ South Asia Journal of Business and Management Cases, vol. 4/2 (2015): 251-261.
W. Kron, ‘Flood Insurance: From Clients to Global Financial Markets,’ Journal of Flood Risk Management, vol. 2 (2009): 68-75.
Wendy J. Werner, ‘Micro-insurance in Bangladesh: Risk Protection for the Poor?’ Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, vol. 27/4 (2009): 563-573.
Yaya Koloma, ‘Crop Microinsurance for Maize Farmers in Burkina Faso: Access and Agriculture Performance in Dandé Village,’ Strategi Change: Briefing in Entrepreneurial Finance, vol. 24/1 (2015): 115-127.
Yi (Kitty) Yao, ‘Development and Sustainability of Emerging Health Insurance Markets: Evidence from Microinsurance in Pakistan,’ The Geneva Pepers, vol. 38 (2013): 160-180.
Temu bual
Responden 1 (Ketua Penolong Pengarah Kanan, Bahagian Warga Emas (Cawangan Perkhidmatan Institusi), Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 22 November 2018.
Responden 2 (Penolong Pengarah, Bahagian Kebajikan Produktif, Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 22 November 2018.
Responden 3 (Ketua Penolong Pengarah, Bahagian Komuniti (Cawangan Pertubuhan Sukarela Kebajikan), Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 13 Februari 2019.
Responden 4 (Penganalisis, Jabatan Perbankan Islam dan Takaful, Bank Negara Malaysia), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 15 Februari 2019.
Responden 5 (Penolong Pengurus, Jabatan Pemasaran Produk, AIA Public Takaful), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 6 Mei 2019.
Responden 6 (Ketua, Jabatan Takaful Mikro dan CSR, Prudential BSN Takaful), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 15 Mei 2019.
Responden 7 (Pengurus, Jabatan Takaful Mikro dan CSR (Produk), Prudential BSN Takaful), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 15 Mei 2019.
Responden 8 (Pengurus, Jabatan Takaful Mikro dan CSR (CSR), Prudential BSN Takaful), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 15 Mei 2019.
Responden 9 (Timbalan Presiden, Jabatan Bancatakaful, Takaful Ikhlas), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 12 Jun 2019.
Agro Bank, ‘Agro Mabrur-i,’ laman sesawang Agro Bank, https://www.agrobank.com.my/product/agro-mabrur-i/., dicapai pada 6 April 2019.
AIA Public Takaful, ‘AIA i-Starter,’ laman sesawang AIA Public Takaful, https://www.aia.com.my/ms/our-products/life-protection/aia-i-starter-plan/faq.html., dicapai pada 05 April 2019.
B. Zaheenah Chummun & Christo A Bisschoff, ‘A Perspective of Microinsurance (MI): The Case of South Africa,’ Mediterranean Journal of Social Science, vol. 5/23 (2014): 63-71.
Brijesh C. Purohit, ‘Policymaking for Diversity Among the Aged in India,’ Journal of Aging & Social Policy, vol. 15/4 (2003): 49-79.
Christian Biener & Martin Eling, ‘Insurability in Microinsurance Markets: An Analysis of Problem and Potential Solutions,’ The Geneva on Risk and Insurance, vol. 37 (2012): 77-107.
Christian Biener, Martin Eling & Joan T.Schmit, ‘Regulation in Microinsurance Markets: Principles, Practice and Directions for Future Development,’ World Development, vol. 58 (2014): 21-40.
Craig Churchill, ‘Insuring the Low-Income Market: Challenges and Solutions for Commercial Insurers,’ The Genera Papers on Risk and Insurance, no. 32 (2007): 401-412.
Craig Churchill, ‘Trying To Understand The Demand for Microinsurance,’ Journal of International Development, vol. 14 (2002): 381-387.
Daniel J. Clarke & Dermot Grenham, ‘Microinsurance and Natural Disasters: Challenges and Options,’ Environmental Science and Policy, vol. 27 (2013): S89-S98.
David M. Dror et al., ‘Implementing A Participatory Model of Micro Health Insurance among Rural Poor with Evidence from Nepal,’ The Geneva Paper, vol. 39 (2014): 280–303.
Farhana Hanim Mohd Mydin, ‘Warga emas di Malaysia meningkat 2.8 juta orang,’ KOSMO, http://ww1.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2016&dt=0324&pub=Kosmo&sec=Negara&pg=ne_02.htm, dicapai pada 7 Mei 2018.
Fatin Nabilah Abdul Wahid & Kamaruzaman Noordin, ‘Skim Takaful Sumbangan Rendah serta Prospek Pelaksanaan Takaful Mikro di Malaysia,’ (Paper presented, International Conference on Postgraduate Research (ICPR), Kuala Lumpur, 2014).
Haslifah Mohamad Hasim, ‘Developing a Conceptual Framework of Microtakaful as A Strategy towards Poverty Alleviation,’ Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, vol. 5/28 (2014): 1-9.
Institut Penyelidikan Penuaan Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Laporan Akhir Kajian Keberkesanan Bantuan Kewangan Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat (Putrajaya: Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, 2017).
Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarat (JKM), ‘Rumah Seri Kenangan (RSK),’ laman sesawang Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat (JKM), dicapai pada 13 Februari 2019.
Jacqueline Díaz Nieto et al., ‘Weather Indices for Designing Micro-Insurance Products for Small-Holder Farmers in the Tropics,’ Weather Indices for Micro-Insurance Product, vol. 7/6 (2012): 1-11.
James Midgley, ‘Social Protection and the Elderly in the Developing World: Mutual Aid, Micro-Insurance and the State,’ Journal of Comparative Social Welfare, vol. 28/2 (2012): 153-163.
Jamil Ramly et al., Buku Panduan Asas Takaful (Kuala Lumpur: IBFIM, 2010).
Joseph Oscar Aktey & Charles K.D. Adjasi, ‘Dose Microcredit Increase Household Welfare in the Absence of Microinsurance?’ World Development, vol. 77 (2016): 380–394.
Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM), ‘Warga Emas Terabai,’ laman sesawang Portal Myhealth, http://www.myhealth.gov.my/warga-emas-terabai/, dicapai pada 9 April 2019.
Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat, ‘Definisi Warga Emas,’ laman sesawang Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, http://www.jkm.gov.my/jkm/index.php?r=portal/left& id=VEpUUXV3THFURkZETmxWNjZpQ1BXdz09., dicapai pada 5 April 2019.
Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat, Dasar dan Pelan Tindakan Warga Emas Negara (Putrajaya: Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, t.t.).
Lauren Peterson et al., ‘Extending Health Insurance Coverage to the Informal Sector: Lessons from a Private Micro Health Insurance Scheme in Logos, Nigeria,’ International Journal of Health Plan and Management (2018): 1-15.
Malaysia Takaful Association, ‘Perlindungan Tenang’ laman sesawang Malaysia Takaful Association, http://www.malaysiantakaful.com.my/Consumer-Zone/Perlindungan-Tenang.aspx., dicapai pada 5 April 2019.
Markus Loewe, ‘New Avenues to be Opened for Social Protection in the Arab World: The Case of Egypt,’ International Journal of Social Welfare, no. 13 (2004): 3-14.
Michal Matual et al., ‘Microinsurance Demand: Determinants and Strategies,’ Enterprise Development and Microfinance, vol. 24/4 (2013): 311-327.
Mohammad Saleh Torkestani & Pari Ahadi, ‘Readiness Assessment of Islamic Micro‐Finance Institution to Implement Micro‐Insurance Concept (Case of Iran),’ International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol. 1/3 (2008): 249-261.
Mohammed Ahmad Uddin, ‘Microinsurance in India: Insurance Literacy and Demand,’ Business and Economic Horizons, vol. 3/2 (2017): 182-191.
Mohd Rizal Muwazir, Kamaruzaman Noordin & Azian Madun, ‘A Preliminary Study of Social Responsibility of Islamic Insurance Companies in Malaysia,’ (Paper presented, International Conference on Art, Economics and Management (ICAEM’14), Dubai, 22-23 Mac 2014).
Mohd Uzir Mahidin, ‘Jadual Hayat Ringkas, Malaysia, 2015-2017,’ laman sesawang Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/pdfPrev&id=bkJYT 3pXcDZGbjdiK3pWU0ZmNktoQT09., dicapai pada 6 Mei 2018.
Nikunjkumar Gor, ‘Microtakaful-Islamic Insurance For Deprived: Innovation, Sustainability and Inclusive Growth,’ International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, vol. 3/2 (2013): 18-24.
Noor Ashikin Mohd Rom & Zuriah Abdul Rahman, ‘Financial Protection for the Poor in Malaysia: Role of Zakah and Micro-takaful,’ Journal of King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economic, vol. 25/1 (2012): 119-140.
Oscar Joseph Akotey, Kofi A. Osei & Albert Gemegah, ‘The Demand for Micro Insurance in Ghana,’ The Journal of Risk Finance, vol. 12/3 (2011): 182-194.
Portal Rasmi Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, ‘Pengenalan,’ laman sesawang Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, http://www.jkm.gov.my/jkm/index.php?r=portal/left&id=VEpUUXV3THFURkZET mxWNjZpQ1BXdz09, dicapai pada 5 April 2019.
Pradeep Panda, Arpita Chakrorty & David M.Dror, ‘Building Awareness to Health Insurance Among the Target Population of Community-based Health Insurance Scheme in Rural India,’ Tropical Medicine and International Health, vol. 20/8 (2015): 1093-1103.
Prudental BSN Takaful, ‘Lindungi,’ laman sesawang Prundental BSN Takaful, https://app.prubsn .com.my/online/project/pruBSN/docs/LI_Brochure_BM.pdf., dicapai pada 5 April 2019.
Rafiza Zuliani & Asmak Ab Rahman, ‘Micro-Takaful in Aceh: Does Society Need It?’ dalam New Developments in Islamic Economics, ed. Asmak Ab Rahman (United Kingdom: Emerald Publishing, 2019).
Ralf Radermacher & Johannes Brinkmann, ‘Insurans for the Poor? First Thought about Microinsurance Business Ethic,’ Journal of Business Ethic, vol. 103 (2011): 63-76.
Rebekah Yore & Joanna Faure Walker, ‘Microinsurance for Disaster Recovery: Business Venture or Humanitarian Intervention?: An Analysis of Potential Success and Failure Factors of Microinsurance Case Studies,’ International Journal Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 33 (2019): 16-32.
Said Adekunle Mikail, Muhammad Ali Jinnah Ahmad & Salami Saheed Adekunle, ‘Utilisation of Zakāh and Waqf Fund in Micro-takāful Models in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study,’ ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, vol. 9/1 (2017): 100-105.
Seiro Ito & Hisaki Kono, ‘Why is The Take-up of Microinsurance so Low? Envidence from A Health Insurance Scheme in India,’ The Developing Economies, vol. 48/1 (2010): 74-101.
Sheela Chandran, ‘Rancangan Simpanan Persaraan Menerusi Khidmat Nasihat KWSP,’ laman sesawang Mstar, http://www.mstar.com.my/lain-lain/suara/2016/12/30/kwsp-ras-perancangan-kewangan/., dicapai pada 8 Jan 2018.
Sheila Nu Nu Htay, Nur Shazwani Sadzali & Hanudin Amin, ‘An Analysis of the Viability of Micro Health Takaful in Malaysia,’ Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, vol. 4/1 (2015): 37-71.
Shuaibu Mukhtar, ‘Insuring the Uninsurable for Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria: What Micro-Insurance can do?,’ Mediterranean Journal of Social Science, vol. 4/2 (2013): 375-380.
Sirojudin & James Midgley, ‘Microinsurance and Social Protection: The Social Welfare Insurance Program for Informal Sector Workers in Indonesia’, Journal of Policy Practice, vol. 11/1-2 (2012): 121-136.
Sonia Akter et al., ‘Exploring The Feasibility of Private Micro Flood Insurance Provision in Bangladesh,’ Disasters, vol. 35/2 (2011): 287-307.
Tajudeen Olalekan Yusuf, ‘The Role of Islamic Micro Insurance in Economic Growth and Development: The Nigerian Experience: A Case Study of Al-Barakah Microfinance Bang, Lagos,’ International Journal of Business and Commerce, vol. 1/10 (2012): 106-122.
Vishal Pinto, ‘Role of NGOs in Promoting Micro Health Insurance: A Study with Reference to ‘Sampoorna Saraksha’ Health Insurance Scheme by SKDRDP, Mangalore (India),’ South Asia Journal of Business and Management Cases, vol. 4/2 (2015): 251-261.
W. Kron, ‘Flood Insurance: From Clients to Global Financial Markets,’ Journal of Flood Risk Management, vol. 2 (2009): 68-75.
Wendy J. Werner, ‘Micro-insurance in Bangladesh: Risk Protection for the Poor?’ Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, vol. 27/4 (2009): 563-573.
Yaya Koloma, ‘Crop Microinsurance for Maize Farmers in Burkina Faso: Access and Agriculture Performance in Dandé Village,’ Strategi Change: Briefing in Entrepreneurial Finance, vol. 24/1 (2015): 115-127.
Yi (Kitty) Yao, ‘Development and Sustainability of Emerging Health Insurance Markets: Evidence from Microinsurance in Pakistan,’ The Geneva Pepers, vol. 38 (2013): 160-180.
Temu bual
Responden 1 (Ketua Penolong Pengarah Kanan, Bahagian Warga Emas (Cawangan Perkhidmatan Institusi), Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 22 November 2018.
Responden 2 (Penolong Pengarah, Bahagian Kebajikan Produktif, Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 22 November 2018.
Responden 3 (Ketua Penolong Pengarah, Bahagian Komuniti (Cawangan Pertubuhan Sukarela Kebajikan), Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 13 Februari 2019.
Responden 4 (Penganalisis, Jabatan Perbankan Islam dan Takaful, Bank Negara Malaysia), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 15 Februari 2019.
Responden 5 (Penolong Pengurus, Jabatan Pemasaran Produk, AIA Public Takaful), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 6 Mei 2019.
Responden 6 (Ketua, Jabatan Takaful Mikro dan CSR, Prudential BSN Takaful), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 15 Mei 2019.
Responden 7 (Pengurus, Jabatan Takaful Mikro dan CSR (Produk), Prudential BSN Takaful), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 15 Mei 2019.
Responden 8 (Pengurus, Jabatan Takaful Mikro dan CSR (CSR), Prudential BSN Takaful), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 15 Mei 2019.
Responden 9 (Timbalan Presiden, Jabatan Bancatakaful, Takaful Ikhlas), dalam temu bual beliau bersama penulis pada 12 Jun 2019.
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Published
2019-12-31
How to Cite
Kamal, A., Sulaiman@Mohamad, A. A., & Mohamad, M. T. (2019). ADAKAH RELEVAN PENAWARAN TAKAFUL MIKRO KEPADA WARGA EMAS BERSAMA JABATAN KEBAJIKAN MASYARAKAT (JKM)? Is It Relevant to Offer Microtakaful to the Elderly in Cooperation with the Department of Social Welfare (JKM)?. Jurnal Syariah, 27(3), 389–434. https://doi.org/10.22452/js.vol27no3.1
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